Matter
This calculator identifies the properties of any same-element matter.
Refer to our webpage for the state of matter for a detailed description of elemental structure and behaviour.
This Matter calculator is accessible from anywhere in the website using the shortcut key; "Alt" + "m".
The "Reset" button clears all calculations on the page and reinstalls default values (this button may not respond in the FireFox browser).
Reset can also be achieved by pressing the "F5" key.
Hover your cursor over the symbols for an associated description.
ψ is the ratio of neutrons in an atom to its atomic number (Z). This number will always be between 1 and 1.6
Oxygen is the odd-man-out here because it is less than 1. Atoms with a neutronic ratio greater than 1.6 are unnatural and will lose neutrons rapidly and continually, frequently breaking up the matter in the process.
Γ is not used in the calculations, however, it may be used to predict the noble gases.
ζ is a constant that defines the elemental structure of the atoms when arranged in a crystal lattice.
The magnetic [field] attractive force (Fₘ) between adjacent atoms holds them together. This value is constant, irrespective of temperature.
The electrical [charge] repulsion force (Fₑ) between adjacent atoms is pushing them apart. This value varies proportionally with temperature.
If Fₘ > Fₑ, the elements will exist as viscous matter.
If Fₘ = Fₑ, the elements will exist at their gas transition temperature.
If Fₘ < Fₑ, the elements will exist as gaseous matter.
These properties are the potential acceleration (magnetic and electrical) between adjacent atoms, both of which should be identical if the calculation was successful.
The tensile modulus of viscous matter is a measure of the magnetic pressure induced between adjacent atoms. As temperature rises electrical repulsion will also rise, causing the tensile modulus to fall.
It is important to understand that the values obtained here only apply at the temperature entered and only for a single pure crystal of the elemental matter. As soon at the crystal is [internally] broken (plastic defomation), this calculated value will fall. This is the reason that some of the values differ to those documented. However, iron has been extensively tested and is the default elemental matter in this calculator; this value reflects reality; 1.92E+11 N/m².
If 'Fₘ<Fₑ'; the matter will be gaseous, i.e. adjacent atoms will repel each other, so it will have no viscosity or tensile modulus.
Both viscous and gaseaous matter are subject to inter-atomic pressure. But if you wish to calculate them you will need to use different online calculators:
Viscous matter: use the Core-Pressure online calculator or the downloadable calculator,
Gaseous matter: use the PVRT online calculator or calculate it by hand.