Subject
Flanges are structural and leak-proof joints between pipes and/or nozzles that must also be able to support external loading without resulting in leakage or structural damage.
The principal flange types used in the chemical and related industries are Lapped, Socket, Slip-On and Welding Neck types specified by API, ANSI, BS and MSS
The principal design code for the establishment of pipeline and piping flange stresses is ASME VIII, Division 1, Appendices 2, P and S, which forms the basis for the calculations in the flanges calculator.
The flange calculator includes a database of 600; API, ANSI, BS and MSS standard pipeline and piping flanges ranging from ½ inch to 48 inch and an independent calculation facility according to ASME VIII.
In addition to the standard flange types and designs, Flanges also allows you to modify the standard (database) dimensions in order to calculate the strength and performance characteristics of non-standard flange designs and swivel rings.
The output data is listed and designated according to the ASME design code, to help you verify the calculation results more easily.
For help using this calculator see Technical Help
Flanges Calculator - Options
Flanges includes Lapped, Socket, Slip-On and Welding Neck flanges in its database of 600 design and sizes. The calculator also automatically provides the tangential stress in a Swivel Ring for each design and size.
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You enter: |
and the flange calculator will provide: |
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A: outside diameter of flange
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Aᵇ: total cross-section area of all bolts at root diameter
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Aᵐ: minimum required bolt area; i.e. greater of Aᵐ¹ and Aᵐ²
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Aᵐ¹: total cross-section area of all bolts at root diameter required for operational conditions
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Aᵐ²: total cross-section area of all bolts at root diameter required for gasket seating
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B: inside diameter of flange (bore)
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B¹: radial dimension (B+g¹)
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b: effective gasket seating (contact) width
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b₀: basic gasket seating width
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C: pitch circle diameter of bolts (studs)
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c: the lesser value of tn and tₓ
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d: factor
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e: factor
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F: factor
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ƒ: hub stress correction factor
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G: gasket reaction diameter
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g⁰: wall thickness of weld butt
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g¹: wall thickness of hub major diameter
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H: hydrostatic end force due to 'p'
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Hᴰ: hydrostatic end force on the inside of the flange
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Hᴳ: gasket load (W-H)
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Hᵖ: compression load in gasket
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Hᵀ: difference between hydrostatic end forces (H-Hᴰ)
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h: the length of the flange hub
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hᴰ: radial distance between PCD and Hᴰ
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hᴳ: radial distance between PCD and G
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h⁰: factor
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hᵀ: radial distance between PCD and Hᵀ
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K: ratio of flange OD to flange ID (Øₒ:Øᵢ)
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L: factor
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Mᴰ: bending moment in flange due to Hᴰ
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Mᴳ: bending moment in flange due to Hᴳ
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Mᴼ: total bending moment acting on the flange under operation conditions
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Mᴼᴳ: total bending moment acting on the flange due to gasket seating
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Mᵀ: bending moment in flange due to Hᵀ
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m: gasket factor
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N: dimension used to determine b₀
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P: internal pressure
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R: radial distance from PCD and Øᴴ
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Sᵃ: allowable bolt stress at atmospheric temperature
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Sᵇ: allowable bolt stress at operational temperature
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Sᶠ: allowable flange stress at atmospheric temperature
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Sᶠᵒ: allowable flange stress at operational temperature
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Sn: allowable pipe or nozzle stress at atmospheric temperature
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Snᵒ: allowable pipe or nozzle stress at operational temperature
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Sᴴ: longitudinal stress in flange
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Sᴿ: radial stress in flange
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Sᵀ: tangential stress in flange
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T: factor
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t: thickness of flange
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tn: thickness of pipe, shell or nozzle wall
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tₓ: twice g⁰ for integral flanges and twice tn for loose flanges
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U: factor
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V: factor
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Wᵐ¹: minimum bolt load required for operational conditions
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Wᵐ²: minimum bolt load required for gasket seating
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Wᴼ: = Wᵐ¹
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Wᴳ: design bolt load
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W: load used to determine flange stresses (greater of Wᴼ and Wᴳ)
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w: dimension used to determine b₀
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Y: factor
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y: gasket seating stress
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Z: factor
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Sᵀ (swivel ring)
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Flanges includes a data import facility from CalQlata's Flange Gaskets calculator
Check minimum system requirements
