Abbreviations

ABMA

American Bearing Manufacturer's Association

ABS

acrylonitrile butadiene styrene

ABS

American Bureau of Shipping

AC

alternating current

ALS

accidental limit state

Acos

arccosine

Acosh

hyperbolic arccosine

AFBMA

Anti-Friction Bearing Manufacturer's Association

AISI

American Iron and Steel Institute

ANSI

American National Standards Institute

API

American Petroleum Institute

Asin

arcsine

Asinh

hyperbolic arcsine

ASME

American Society of Mechanical Engineers

ASTM

American Society for Testing and Materials

Atan

arctangent

Atanh

hyperbolic arctangent

BHN

Brinell hardness number

BS

British Standard

BSI

British Standards Institute

CAF

compressed asbestos fibre

CEV

carbon equivalent

CMS

comfortable minimum separation (between moving vehicles)

Cos

cosine

Cosec & Csc

cosecant

Cosh

hyperbolic cosine

Cotan & Ctn

cotangent

DAF

dynamic amplification factor

DC

direct current

DIN

Deutsches Institut für Normung

DnV

Det Norske Veritas

ETFE

ethylene tetra-fluoro-ethylene

FEP

fluorinated ethylene propylene

FLS

fatigue limit state

g

acceleration due to gravity

G

shear modulus

GiGo

Garbage in - Garbage out

GMTo

Greenwich mean time

HMX

high molecular weight (RDX)

HNBR

hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber

HPHT

high-pressure/high-temeprature
(normally applies to offshore flexible pipes)

HSSC

hydrogen stress corrosion cracking

ID

inside diameter

IR

infra-red

ISO

International Standards Organisation

IWRC

indepenedent wire rope centre

LH

left-hand

LHS

left-hand side

log

logarithm

m/c

machine
(m/c'd = machined)

NACA

The National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics

(this body was incorporated into NASA in 1958)

NASA

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

NBR

nitrile butadiene rubber
also known as nitrile

NFPA

National Fire Protection Association

OD

outside diameter

OTR

off-the-road
(applies to the tyrecord used for large earth moving trucks)

PE

potential energy

PA

polyamide {nylon}

PC

polycarbonate

PCD

pitch circle diameter

PEEL

polyester elastomer

PE

polyethylene

PEI

polyester imide

PETN

pentaerythrite tetranitrate

PFA

per-fluoro-alkoxy

pH

potential hydrogen
(acid and alkaline)

PPE

polyphenylene

PP

polypropylene

PTFE

poly-tetra-fluoro-ethylene

PUR

polyurethane

RAM

relative atomic mass

RAO

response amplitude operator

RDX

research department explosive

RH

right-hand

RHS

rolled hollow section

RHS

right-hand side

RTJ

ring type joint (flange gaskets)

SAE

Society of Automotive Engineers

SCC

stress corrosion cracking

Sec

secant

SF

safety factor

SG

specific gravity

SHS

square hollow section

SI

system international (metric)

Sin

sine

Sinh

hyperbolic sine

SLS

serviceability limit state

SMYS

specified minimum yield stress

S-N

stress-number (fatigue curve)

Tan

tangent

Tanh

hyperbolic tangent

TETRYL

trinitrophenylmethyinitramine

TFE

tetra-fluoro-ethylene

THS

tubular hollow section

TNT

trinitrotoluene

TPO

thermoplastic olefins

Trig

trigonometry

UhmwPe

ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene

ULS

ultimate limit state

UNS

unified numbering system

USGS

United States Geological Survey

UTM

universal transverse mercator

UTS

ultimate tensile strength

UV

ultra-violet

YS

yield strength (stress)